What is Computer?
Definition of Computer : According to the Oxford Dictionary, "Computer is an automated electronic machine, which is used for a variety of logical calculations."
Computer refers to a device that is used in calculation, process, mechanics, research, research etc. The combination of computer hardware and software, which converts data into information.
The word 'computer' is composed of eight letters of English, which make its meaning even more broad
C – Commonly
O – Operated
M – Machine
P – Particularly
U – Used for
T – Technical and
E – Educational
R– Research.
Computer Features:---
Computers are capable of perfecting every task we give. Some of these qualities are as follows:
1. Speed
Computer's greatest quality is its speed to calculate. In fact, the computer was built as a machine that was calculated faster. The computer can do millions calculations in a second. At present, the computer nanotechnology can do calculations in seconds.
2. Storage
The storage capacity of computer is huge and unlimited. It has the capacity to store data and programs. Data and information can be stored in the external and internal storage media of the computer (hard disk, CD Rom etc.), which we can use most often.
3.Accuracy
Computer calculations are almost flawless. If there is an error during the calculation then it is due to human errors in the program or data. If the data or program is correct, then the computer always gives the right results. Sometimes the result is not correct due to computer virus.
4.Diligence
Due to being a machine, the external environment has no impact on the computer. He can do any task millions of times without taxes. It plays an active role in its work.
5.Versatility
Compared to humans, computers are more versatile. They can accomplish various types of tasks together at one time.
6. Automation
Computer is an automated machine, in which human interference is negligible during calculation. Instructions for working on the computer are given by human beings and there is less chance of errors.
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Computer boundaries:----
If there is some characteristic of any work, then there are some limitations also. Similarly, there are certain limitations of the computer which are the following:
1.No IQ
Computer is a machine which does not have the ability to think in terms of thinking itself. The computer only works on the basis of given instructions.
2.depends on Electricity
Computer is a mechanical machine, due to which electricity is a mandatory requirement for the computer to function. There is no existence of computer in the absence of electricity.
3.effects from Virus
Any virus can affect the functioning of a computer and destroy the information and instructions stored in it. Hence the computer should be protected against viruses by anti-virus software.
Classification of computer:-----
Computers can be divided into different sections based on their framework, work, objectives, purposes, etc., which have a brief overview.
1.On the Basis of Size
2.On the Basis of Purpose
3.On the Basis of Applications
1.On the Basis of Size
Depending on the size, there are five types of computers, which have a brief overview:
1.Micro Computer
In the field of computer technology, there was a great invention in the 1970s. This invention was of a micro processor.
These computers are so small that they can be easily placed on the desk. They are also known as computer on a chip. In modern age, microcomputer is available in the size of the phone, size of the book and the size of the clock. These computers are used primarily in the field of business and medicine. Nowadays all these are in the category of PCs. PCs can be connected as a network. Such as iMAC, IBM PS / 2, APPLE MAC etc.
There are many types of microcomputer--
1.Desktop Computer

This is the most commonly used form of personal computer. PCs have been reduced to the size of laptops and palmtop today, yet most of the homes and business locations will find you desktop, because they are cheap, strong and more frequent.
2.Laptop

Technological developments in the past few years have made the size of micro computers so subtle that they can be easily moved around and ordinary people can also be bought by using them. Such computers are called laptops. Sometimes a notebook is also called.
Some important laptop manufacturers -
Acer
Apple
HCL
Dell
Lenovo
Samsung
Sony
3.palmtop

Palmett (computer above palm) or personal digital assistant is a mobile device. These computers are smaller than laptops, which can be run on the palm. Their function is slightly lower than the laptop.
4.Tablet Computer

Tablet and laptop are similar in a way but the tablet is more convenient than a laptop. Both of these are portable, but there is a difference between the variation of the software, screen etc. used. On the tablet screen, users can write without the help of a keybord but not in the laptop.
5. PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)

The PDA or Digital Diary is also a portable computer, but it is not capable of doing all the work. It is mainly used to store small data and information such as - phone number, e mail, address etc.
6. Workstation computer
It is used in engineering, technical and graphic work as well as interpersonal interaction with the computer single person.
Computer work station which is specially designed for those people who work long hours in PC. In this workstation, separate screen space with touch screen to keep electric leather seat, lid screen, speaker and food items.
2.Mini Computer
The efficiency of these medium-sized computers and the cost is higher than the microcomputer, because of which they are not used in personal use. On this type of computer one or more people can do more than one task at a time. These are often used by small or medium level companies. Mini computer speed is 10 to 30 MIPS (mega instructions per second). Examples of this - HP 9000, RISC 6000, AS 400 etc.
3.Mainframe Computer
These computers are very large in size. They are more computer-efficient and cost-effective than mini-computers and micro computers. Therefore, they are used as a central computer in large companies and bank or government departments.
Mainframe computers are those computers used by large-scale organizations for heavy-volume versions of data. Their size is also bigger, and in almost all ways their capacity is much higher than other computers (mini, server, workstation and PC). Such as _ CDS SYBER , IBM 4381 , ICL 39, UNIVAC - 1110 etc.
4.Super Computer
Super computers are the highest speed, collection capacity and high expanses. Their size is equal to a normal room. The world's first supercomputer 'Cray-1' was developed by 'cray research company' in the year 1976. India also has a super computer. The name of India's first supercomputer is 'PARAM', which was developed by the C-DAC. Its developed form PARAM-10000 has also been prepared.
The main use of supercomputers is to predict weather, to create animation and cinematography, to send astronauts to space in space travel, to research or search in large scientific and research laboratories. Such as-- PARAM, PARAM- 10000, CRAY-1, CRAY-2, NEC-500 etc.
2.On the Basis of Purpose
On the basis of purpose, there are two types of computers which are the following--
1. General Purpose Computer
These computers are used to fulfill common objectives. Normal work is done through preparation of documents, printing of documents, making databases and preparing letters by word process.
2. Special Purpose Computer
These computers are used to meet specific objectives. They are used for specific purposes in the fields of space science, meteorology, satellite operations, traffic control, agricultural science, engineering, physical and chemical sciences etc. The CPU's capacity is much more intense, in which the specific objectives are met.
3.On the Basis of Applications
There are three types of computer based on the applications, which are the following--
1.Analog Computer
Analog computer is used to measure physical quantities such as pressure, pressure, temperature, length, mercury etc. in order to present their result in numbers. These computers present quantities in numbers, so they used to do more in the fields of science and engineering. goes. Such as speedometer, earthquake etc.
2. Digital Computer
Digital computers are used to calculate the digits. Most computers used in the modern era fall under the category of digital computers. They convert these inputted data and programs into 0 and 1 and present them in electronic form. Digital computer is used in business, in detail in the field of animation. Such as desktop computers, laptops etc.
3.Hybrid Computer
Hybrid computers are called computers that have the properties of analog and digital computers. Indeed the mixed form of analog and digital is called a hybrid computer. It is most used in the field of medicine. Eg - ECG and DIALYSIS etc.
General Computer Application ----
There is no such area in modern times where the computer is not used. In some key areas, computer applications are the following:
1.In the feild of education---
Through internet, we can get information about any topic in a few moments. Multimedia development and access to the Internet have made computers extremely useful for students.
2. in bank--
In the banking sector, the computer application has revolutionized itself. Today, most of the banks are able to work harder tasks such as online banking, withdrawal of money by ATMs, payment of checks, rupee counting etc.
3. Communication
The use of computers has made the internet possible in the field of communication. The modern communication system can not be imagined in the absence of computers. Telephone and Internet have created communication revolution.
4. In Medicine-
In the medical field, the computer is used to detect various physical diseases. The diagnosis of diseases is also possible by computer. In modern times, the computer is widely used in various tests, x-rays, city inspection, ultrasound etc.
5.In the entertainment
Computers in the field of entertainment are often used in the forms of movies, television programs, video games, etc. The use of multimedia has made the computer multidimensional.
6. In the administration
Every one institution has its own internal administration and administrative functions are done only by computers.
7. Security
Without the computer, our security system will be weakened. The computer is used in tracking the aircraft, air strikes etc.
8.Community
Shop, bank, insurance, credit company etc. make maximum use of computers. Working without a computer is impossible for the financial world.
In addition, computers are used in science, engineering, industry, etc.
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